Chromosome

A general term used to describe the organization of DNA* in living cells. The chromosome is considered the basic unit of DNA replication. Prokaryotic cells typically contain one (or a few) circular chromosomes. Eukaryotic cells with their much larger genomes have multiple linear chromosomes. 

The length and linear nature of Eukaryotic chromosomes increases the complexity involved in storing the genetic material and passing the proper amount to each daughter cell during cell replication.